When is a prostate ultrasound scan prescribed?
An ultrasound scan may be prescribed by a urologist, andrologist or general practitioner. You can also have the scan at your own request – without a referral.
The test is usually recommended for the following symptoms:Diagnostic services include a prostate ultrasound, which is also carried out to confirm a diagnosis in cases of suspected prostatitis, hyperplasia or a tumour.
- frequent or difficult urination
- pain or a burning sensation when urinating
- pain in the lower abdomen, perineum or lower back
- night-time urge to urinate
- reduced libido or erectile dysfunction
- problems conceiving
- a feeling of incomplete bladder emptying
- elevated PSA levels in a blood test
An examination is also recommended even with normal test results if there is a hereditary predisposition or if the patient’s lifestyle involves risk factors: a sedentary lifestyle, chronic stress, or frequent infections of the genitourinary system.
Types of prostate ultrasound
Two methods of ultrasound diagnosis are used to examine the prostate. Each has its own characteristics and is used depending on the clinical objective: the choice of method is determined by the doctor, based on the patient’s symptoms, the suspected diagnosis and the need for accurate visualisation.
- Transabdominal ultrasound. This is performed through the front wall of the abdomen. It is a gentle, comfortable and non-invasive method. It is often used for initial examination, screening and a general assessment of the condition of the prostate. The doctor moves the probe across the lower abdomen, and the image is displayed on the screen.
- Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS). The probe is inserted into the rectum to a shallow depth. Due to its proximity to the prostate, this method provides a clearer and more detailed picture. It provides information on tissue structure and the presence of nodules, inflammation, cysts and calcifications. It is sometimes used in preparation for a biopsy.
How to prepare for the examination
To ensure the results are informative, it is important to follow the recommendations. Preparation depends on the method:
General recommendations 2–3 days before the ultrasound scan: Before a transabdominal ultrasound scan: Before a transrectal ultrasound scan (TRUS): If you are taking medication that significantly affects blood clotting, be sure to inform your doctor in advance – this is important when combining TRUS with a biopsy.
- avoid foods that cause flatulence (cabbage, pulses, baked goods, fruit, fizzy drinks)
- avoid alcohol
- if you are prone to flatulence, you may use enterosorbents
- 1–1.5 hours before the procedure, drink about 1 litre of still water
- do not urinate until the examination is complete
- Administer an enema or use a mild laxative (as recommended by your doctor)
- Do not eat for 3–4 hours before your appointment
How the procedure is carried out
The procedure is carried out on an outpatient basis and does not require hospitalisation. On average, the examination lasts between 10 and 15 minutes. The procedure is painless, though you may experience slight discomfort, particularly with the transrectal method. Once completed, you will receive the results along with the doctor’s report and, if necessary, can discuss them with the urologist straight away.
- For a transabdominal ultrasound, the patient lies on their back; the doctor applies gel to the abdomen and moves the probe across the lower abdomen.
- For a transrectal ultrasound, the patient lies on their side with their legs drawn up, and the probe is inserted into the rectum. The doctor gently rotates it to examine the gland from different angles.
What a prostate ultrasound reveals
During the ultrasound, the doctor assesses: A transrectal prostate ultrasound is particularly useful for clarifying complex cases. It enables the detection of abnormalities at an early stage, including suspected malignant processes.
- the shape, dimensions and volume of the prostate
- the clarity of its contours
- tissue structure and density
- the presence of cysts, calcifications or neoplasms
- signs of inflammation or hyperplasia
- the condition of surrounding organs (bladder, seminal vesicles)
- the volume of residual urine after urination
Based on the information obtained, the doctor decides on a course of treatment or prescribes further investigations. If the problem relates to fertility, you can continue with diagnostic tests as part of the male infertility treatment programme.
Benefits of visiting Lada Clinic
- experienced doctors with many years of practice
- state-of-the-art equipment
- comfortable surroundings with no queues
- quick registration and results on the day of the examination
- the opportunity to consult a urologist straight away
Prostate ultrasound scans at the clinic are carried out at a time that suits you – without rushing or waiting.
